Exploding Mentos Drink Experiment

A friend sent me a link to a Wired how-to project called The Manhattan Project in which you freeze a Mentos candy into an ice cube and place it in a carbonated drink. When the ice cube melts, the wax surrounding the candy will be exposed and the drink should erupt. Does it work? Lets find out. Exploding Mentos Drink Ingredients The drink in the original recipe called for whiskey, sweet vermouth, and bitters (basically a Manhattan plus diet cola), but you can make a rum and coke or whatever you like or just try the non-alcoholic version using two ingredients: Diet colaMentosâ„ ¢ candy Make the Exploding Drink Ill tell you right up front: a drink with soda and Mentos wont explode unless it is in an enclosed container. Exploding drinks make messes, plus they tend to spray out shards of glass, so its a good thing this drink isnt so violent. Erupting is more what youre looking for here. If you want to cause an unexpected eruption, freeze a single Mentos candy into the well of an ice cube tray. Youll get the best results if you wait until the ice is almost frozen and then add a Mentos candy to each cube so that its near the surface of the ice. You dont want to soak the candy in cold water or its coating will dissolve. If that happens, all youll get when you mix it with diet cola is candy-flavored cola. The premise is that the Mentos will become exposed as the ice cube melts. When the wax coating of the candy reacts with the diet soda, the drink will fizz and bubble like the classic Mentos and diet soda fountain. If youre doing the project on-purpose or else dont mind getting caught dropping a Mentos into someones carbonated drink, you can simply plop the candy in the soda -- no ice cube needed. How the Mentos in Ice Cubes Trick Works Among other things, the gum arabic that coats a Mentos candy lowers the surface tension of the soda, allowing carbon dioxide bubbles to rise and expand more easily. The candy coating traps the gas, forming bubbles and foam. When I tried this project, I didnt get a spectacular eruption, but you can expect somewhat better results if you use a narrow glass for your drink. Except that the Mentos flavors the drink, I dont think someone with a Mentos-laced ice cube would notice much happening or suffer from an out-of-control foaming drink. The project is still pretty fun.

Mexican Immigrants And The Mexican Community - 915 Words

When we think of the word â€Å"criminals,† we automatically think thieves, murderers, or rapists. Not Donald Trump. He launched his presidential campaign with words of loathe towards undocumented immigrants, especially towards the Mexican community. â€Å"When Mexico sends its people, they’re not sending their best.† Trump declared, â€Å"They’re sending people that have lots of problems and they’re bringing those problems with them. They’re bringing drugs, they’re bringing crime. They’re rapists, and some I assume, are good people.† Trumps words were fast to circulate around social media. Many people were quick to make fun of him. According to ABC news, many important companies such such as Univison, Televisa, NBC, and Macy’s were quick to terminate their contracts with him. â€Å"Mr. Trump hasn’t demonstrated understanding or respect toward Mexican migrants and has offended the entire Mexican population. † Televisa said after firing Trump. (ABC News.) It was such a relief to see how people were not taking him seriously, but I was wrong. Racism has shown its face again. The United States officially has someone who wants to be a modern-version of Adolf Hitler. He shows his despise and is fighting to get rid of an entire race. The bizarre part, is that many people are actually in his favor. According to a new Washington Post-ABC News Poll, â€Å"Two non-politicians, businessman Donald Trump and neurosurgeon Ben Carson, dominate the contest for the Republican nomination†¦Ã¢â‚¬  How are people taking himShow MoreRelatedBecoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, And Identity1553 Words   |  7 PagesBecoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity in Chicano Los Angeles, 1900-1945 The immigration story of the United States includes groups of individuals from many different countries, one such group was that of the U.S.’s southern neighbor Mexico. In the book, Becoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity in Chicano Los Angeles, 1900-1945, George J. Sà ¡nchez writes about the Mexican immigrants’ experience migrating to California and settling there, particularly in theRead MoreMexican Immigration And The United States1216 Words   |  5 PagesMexican immigration has been a controversy in the United States since before 1980. According to Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova, Mexican immigration can be divided in three waves: the first one, before World War two, the second one started with the Bracero program, and the last one after it. Nevertheless, Mexican immigration can be seen as something threat, as many Americans argue, or as the opposite, a benefit to the nation culture throughout the years. This essay will explain some of the diffi cultiesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Grapes Of Wrath 1436 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscrimination after fleeing their homes in Mexico to seek a better life in Los Angeles. In their stories, both Boyle and Steinbeck exhibit how migration can often bring new people into a different society, which can create fear and social stigma with that community. In their novels, the authors use the description of animals in nature to symbolize migrants, whom like animals, have difficulty assimilating into unknown territories, and could be treated as inferior. John Steinbeck’s Grapes of Wrath and T.C. Boyle’sRead MoreSocial And Academic Performance Of Undocumented Mexican Women Essay1014 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch, I propose a literature analysis of feelings of guilt, anxiety and sense of separation from social inclusion and the family of undocumented Mexican women in contemporary period. In my research I plan to address the following questions: What propels guilt, anxiety and sens e of separation in undocumented Mexican women, specially undocumented female Mexican students? How does intersectionalities and the Critical Race Theory play a role to address this issues? How does immigration pattern change theirRead MoreMexican Immigration1346 Words   |  6 Pagesculture with them. The community into which they moved responded with both positive and negative opinions. Short term influences include Mexican food, Mexican events like Cinco de Mayo, Mexican music, and many other things from their culture. 2nd generation immigrants influence the amount of cheap labor filled up in the country, and Mexican culture being accepted into the mainstream such as entertainment. Long term impact of these immigrants may result in general acceptance of Mexican immigration, a backlashRead More History of Latino/a Immigration to the U.S. Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pagestheir dreams.† That statement holds strong for immigrants in America. Equal access to opportunities allows immigrants to achieve the American dream. Their success correlates with America’s success because of the contributions immigrants provide to America. Unfortunately, the current immigration policy in America denies many immigrants the American dream. It is crucial to understand the historical context of immigration in America. Initially, most immigrants were from Europe and were not restricted byRead MoreRoman Catholic And Mexican Immigrants Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesSince the United States was created, immigrant groups have been discriminated against due to their religious, ethnic, and/or national origin backgrounds. Possessive investment in whiteness has operated throughout all this time by keeping privileges and resources to certain groups and defining whiteness through the exclusion of others (Lipsitz 4). Through this process of exclusion negative discursive formations have been created around immigrant groups and impacted their levels of assimilation. AsRead MoreCul tural Pluralism And Its Effects On American Culture1490 Words   |  6 Pages64 percent said they had Mexican heritage - almost 11 percent of the total population. As birthrates for Hispanics exceed those of Anglos, demographers estimate that by 2042 non-Hispanic whites will be a numerical minority in the United States. At the beginning of this century, there were twenty-one states where Hispanics were the largest ethnic minority. As a consequence, the nature of assimilation – historically a conflicting process for Southwestern Anglos and Mexican-Americans – is likely toRead MoreSocial Determinants Of Health Disparities1354 Words   |  6 Pagesmembers of the community will ultimately fail.1 The treatment of Mexican immigrants with tuberculosis (TB) by health officials in Los Angeles from 1914 to 1940 is a telling story that made salient the insidious impact of poverty and race on health, and it provides an important lesson for public health officials. The discourse of Manifest Destiny, which justified U.S. expansionism during the Mexican-American war, portrayed white Americans as superior to Mexicans and rendered Mexicans largely invisibleRead MoreDrawing Lines and Crossing Them: A Look at the Complexities of the US-Mexico Border900 Words   |  4 Pagesworldwide, but it is also one of the most desirable destinations for immigrant transfer. The idea of American exceptionalism has resulted in the steady influx of immigrant masses over the course of history which in return has resulted not only in the country’s population growth, but in the country’s cultural expansion as well. Unfortunately, such expansion has been ill received by many American citizens. While some view the arrival of immigrants into the US as a positive addition to the â€Å"Nation of Nations†

Gvt Task 2 Free Essays

Running Head: GVT Task 2 GVT Task 2 Maureen O’Connor Western Governors University The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine consisting of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and large intestine consisting of the transverse colon, descending colon, ascending colon, cecum, sigmoid colon, rectum, vermiform appendix and anus are all part of the alimentary canal. The function of the alimentary canal is to provide nourishment. The teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver and pancreas are considered to be accessory digestive organs. We will write a custom essay sample on Gvt Task 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now These organs produce saliva (salivary glands), bile (gallbladder and liver) and digestive enzymes which contribute to the breakdown process of food. Mechanical digestion begins with the process of taking food into the mouth or ingestion and chewing it until it can be moved through the alimentary canal during the propulsion process. This process includes swallowing and in a series of muscle contractions and relaxation it is then moved from one organ to another. Swallowing is performed in the pharynx while peristalsis occurs in the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine. Breakdown of the food in the stomach, also called churning and in the small intestine are also part of the mechanical digestion process. When food leaves the stomach the process of chemical digestion begins. This is when carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are broken down into simple sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol, otherwise known as chemical building blocks. Enzymes are chiefly responsible for carrying out chemical digestion and are secreted in the central cavity of the alimentary canal. Digestive enzymes include salivary and pancreatic amylase, present in the mouth and small intestine, maltase and lactase which are also present in the small intestine and are involved with carbohydrate digestion. Pepsin which is present in the stomach and chymotrypsin present in the small intestine both involved with protein digestion. Aminopeptidase breaks down amino acids during protein digestion. Finally pancreatic lipase is involved with fat digestion. Summary of Two Experiments An experiment performed in the Department of Food Sciences and Nutritional Health at Kyoto Prefectual University involved polylysine which had been used as a food additive in Japan for many years. The researchers were interested in how polylysine inhibited pancreatic lipase. They performed the experiment on rats and then measured the effect of the polylysine after the rats were fed a meal. These measurements were taken after the rats had been administered fat emulsion with the polylysine and fat emulsion without polylysine. The results suggested that polylysine had the ability to inihibit pancreatic lipase in the small intestine and suppressed dietary fat absorption. A second experiment involved alpha-amylase inhibition from the white kidney bean and its effect on weight loss and blood glucose levels. Clinical studies in which subjects were given the white bean product and their after meal glucose levels were studied. A group of subjects with diabetes were also given the white bean product and there was found to be a decrease in their after meal glucose levels. There were more clinical studies in which subjects were given varying doses of the white bean product along with amino acids with varying levels of dietary intake. The conclusion was that alpha-amylase inhibitor does have an effect on the absorption rate of carbohydrates and be a factor in weight management as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus control. Independent Experiment Question|Independent Variable|Dependent Variable|Controlled Variable| What is the effect of digestive enzymes on peanut butter? |Kind of digestive enzyme added to peanut butter. |Change in consistency or texture of peanut butter after 1 hour. |Equal amount of peanut butter in each cup. | If I add pepsin and hydrochloric acid to peanut butter, this should cause a change in the consistency of the peanut butter after 1 hour. If I add lipase and hydrochloric acid to peanut butter this should cause a change in the consistency of the peanut butter after 1 hour. The lining of the stomach secretes gastric juices including hydrochloric acid which dissolves food, pepsin which is a protein-splitting enzyme and lipase, a fat-dissolving enzyme. By adding the Biuret solution to identify the presence of protein to each cup containing peanut butter, enzymes and hydrochloric acid there should be a change in color to pink or purple. Data Table 1 Cup #|Contents| 1|Peanut Butter| 2|Peanut Butter Pepsin| 3|Peanut Butter + Pepsin + HCl| 4|Peanut Butter + Lipase| 5|Peanut Butter + Lipase+ HCl| Results Data Table Cup #|Contents|Observations| 1|Peanut Butter|| 2|Peanut Butter Pepsin|| 3|Peanut Butter + Pepsin + HCl|| 4|Peanut Butter + Lipase|| 5|Peanut Butter + Lipase+ HCl|| Summary of Results and Conclusion Pepsin and hydrochloric acid are present in the stomach glands and responsible for breaking down protein to the building block stage to become amino acids. The absorption of protein then occurs and amino acids enter capillary blood via villi and subsequently transported via the hepatic portal vein to the liver. Although lipase is present in the stomach it is not very effective because the stomach is a strongly acid environment. The majority of fat digestion happens in the small intestine although it needs bile from the liver to break it down into glycerol and fatty acids. Once that occurs the fatty acids enter the lacteals of the villi for transportation via lymphatic transportation to the thoracic duct. Glycerol and fatty acids (small-chain) are transported via the hepatic portal vein to the liver. How to cite Gvt Task 2, Papers

The Spanish Tragedy †A monologue from the play by Thomas Kyd Analysis Essay Example For Students

The Spanish Tragedy – A monologue from the play by Thomas Kyd Analysis Essay A monologue from the play by Thomas Kyd NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from The Spanish Tragedy. Thomas Kyd. London: J. M. Dent Co., 1898. GHOST: When this eternal substance of my soul Did live imprisond in my wanton flesh: Each in their function serving others need, I was a courtier in the Spanish Court. My name was Don Andrea, my descent Though not ignoble, yet inferior far To gracious fortunes of my tender youth: For there in prime and pride of all my years, By Duteous service and deserving love, In secret I possessd a worthy dame, Which hight sweet Bel-imperia by name. But in the harvest of my summer joys, Deaths winter nippd the blossoms of my bliss, Forcing divorce betwixt my love and me. For in the late conflict with Portingale, My valour drew me into dangers mouth, Till life to death made passage through my wounds. When I was slain, my soul descended straight, To pass the flowing stream of Acheron: But churlish Charon, only boatman there, Said that my rites of burial not performd, I might not sit amongst his passengers. Ere Sol had slept three nights in Thetis lap And slakd his smoking chariot in her flood: By Don Horatio our Knight Marshals son, My funerals and obsequies were done. Then was the ferryman of hell content To pass me over to the slimy strond, That leads to fell Avernus ugly waves: There pleasing Cerberus with honeyd speech, I passd the perils of the foremost porch. Not far from hence amidst ten thousand souls, Sat Minos, Aeacus, and Rhadamanth, To whom no sooner gan I make approach, To crave a passport for my wandring ghost: But Minos in graven leaves of lottery, Drew forth the manner of my life and death. This knight (quoth he) both livd and died in love, And for his love tried fortune of the wars, And by wars fortune lost both love and life. Why then, said Aeacus, convey him hence, To walk with lovers in our fields of love: And spend the course of everlasting time, Under green myrtle trees and cypress shades. No, no, said Rhadamanth, It were not well, With loving souls to place a martialist: He died in war, and must to martial fields: Where wounded Hector lives in lasting pain, And Achilles myrmidons do scour the plain. Then Minos mildest censor of the three, Made this device to end the difference. Send him (quoth he) to our infernal King: To doom him as best seems his majesty. To this effect my passport straight was drawn. In keeping on my way to Plutos court, Through dreadful shades of ever-glooming night, I saw more sights than thousand tongues can tell, Or pens can write, or mortal hearts can think. Three ways there were, that on the right hand side Was ready way unto the foresaid fields, Where lovers live, and bloody martialists, But either sort containd within his bounds. The left hand path declining fearfully, Was ready downfall to the deepest hell, Where bloody furies shake their whips of steel, And poor Ixion turns an endless wheel. Where userers are chokd with melting gold, And wantons are embracd with ugly snakes: And murderers groan with never killing wounds, And perjurd wights scalded in boiling lead, And all foul sins with torments overwhelmd. Twixt these two ways, I trod the middle path, Which brought me to the fair Elysian green. In midst whereof there stands a stately tower, The walls of brass, the gates of adamant. Here finding Pluto with his Proserpine, I showd my passport humbled on my knee. Whereat fair Proserpine began to smile, And beggd that only she might give my doom. Pluto was pleasd, and seald it with a kiss. Forthwith (Revenge) she rounded thee in th ear, And bad thee lead me through the Gates of Horn, Where dreams have passage in the silent night. No sooner had she spoke but we were here, I wot not how, in twinkling of an eye. .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 , .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .postImageUrl , .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 , .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6:hover , .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6:visited , .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6:active { border:0!important; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6:active , .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6 .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4e30026a9d18c766c0b11a0f7ac90ee6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The seven against thebes Essay

Gift of the Magi free essay sample

The story The gift of the Magi tells the story about a young married couple who are deeply in love and want to get each other a gift for Christmas. The problem they share is that they are incredibly poor and acquiring a gift that is worthy of their spouse is nearly impossible. Della had only saved one dollar and eighty-seven cents in order to buy her husband a gift, knowing that that amount wasn’t enough; she decided to sell her long luscious hair. Jim Della’s husband, decided to sell his gold watch, which was a family heirloom. Unbeknownst to each other, they make the ultimate sacrifice and each sells their most precious possession in exchange for an amount of money that would help them get a gift that would be meaningful to their loved one. Della got Jim a chain for his gold watch. Jim got Della a tortoise colored jeweled incrusted set of combs to adorn her hair. We will write a custom essay sample on Gift of the Magi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the end of the story they each realize that their gift turned out to be useless, but were left with the fulfillment that the other had sacrificed so much to show how much love, appreciation and compassion they have for each other. We are taught in a very direct way the morals of love, sacrifice, compassion and how little if not at all, money matters when one wants to make a gift to a person we love. What I appreciated from the story was that Della did not mind at all losing her hair because with the money she received in exchange for it, she was going to be able to buy her loving husband a gift that would make him happy. I think Della reacted selflessly and so did her husband Jim. Their reaction is one that deserves a lot of respect because many of us who live in a modern era, seem to think that everything is easily obtained and not far from our reach. We think we deserve everything and we are selfishly enough to not think twice to turn these material things in, in exchange to make another person happy. In doing so we pay less importance to this person. We need to have present that by being selfless, we cultivate a healthier quality of life with our loved ones when we are aware that by giving a gift selflessly, we are willing to do anything for them. This exemplified how far a person would go to sacrifice anything to show how much love they have for a loved one. Many of us can relate to Della, in that in present day we are living in the same economic demise they were living in many years ago. We feel helplessness, despair and sadness knowing that we can’t buy gifts that are worthy for our loved one. The despair we experience many times is because we think that the more money we spend on the gift, more important and significant it is. In reality, when we think this way we are losing the sympathy and compassion this beautiful celebration bring us. Della and Jim are living examples of how we should all think when it comes to giving a gift for Christmas. The true meaning of Christmas is that when you decide to give a gift to someone, that person can appreciate the love and thoughtfulness behind the gift that was given. The person needs to have present that they are important and much loved by the person who gives the gift and that the amount of money the object is worth is of no concern and importance. The story helped me once again awaken in me the real importance and reason you give a present to someone you love on Christmas or any other occasion, and that is to do it with them present in your heart and mind at all times.

Property Law Practice 2013-14 Report on Legal Liability The WritePass Journal

Property Law Practice 2013-14 Report on Legal Liability A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Issues: Property Law Practice 2013-14 Report on Legal Liability , 4.7). Limitation of liability cannot occur, because the action will be in nuisance and under the land law. Thus, there needs to be proper designing of the building, which means that ABC will be ultimately liable as it is using an in house architect. Another potential nuisance that may arise is if ABC and XYZ do not minimise the dust and debris from the site (Andreae v Selfridge [1938] Ch1). ABC may delegate these obligations to XYZ and limit liability; however, as the owner occupier there is still a duty to supervise. This means that to limit liability ABC will need to have a supervisory plan in place. F. Occupier’s Liability: Homeless Persons Vacant Site: The frequenting of homeless people may give rise to legal liability if the site is not appropriately secure to prevent access. Section 1(1) of the Occupiers Liability Act 1957 (OLA 1957) provides a duty of care to visitors on the site (Adriaanse, 2010, p. 126).   A homeless person will not be identified as a visitor; rather he/she will be a trespasser. However, the Occupiers Liability Act 1984 (OLA 1984) requires that visitors on a construction site without invitation also have to be protected. It is arguable that the property is not a construction site yet, but this does not mean that there should be no protection for trespassers at all. Rather, there is still an obligation to prevent harm to trespassers. Under s. 1(2) OLA 1957 it provides that there is an obligation to protect licensees. A licensee can be a trespasser who enters the land where the occupier is aware of the trespass and the danger (Lowery v Walker  [1911] AC 10). Without knowledge of the trespass, there will not be a direct obligation (Edwards v Railway Executive  [1952] AC 737). Taylor v Glasgow City Council  [1922] 1 AC 44  indicates that if there is an allurement on the land, such as a vacant property then a license may be implied. This has been limited with OLA 1984, as such there is a reluctance to impute an implied license based on allurement alone (i.e. the imputed knowledge that individuals will enter the land) (Tomlinson v Congleton  [2003] 3 WLR 705). The implication is that the accessibility of the site is not enough to impute occupier’s liability. The failure to prevent the homeless persons would give rise to liability under s. 1(2) OLA 1957. To discharge liability under s. 1(2) OLA 1957, ABC has to take all reasonable acts to make the property safe (s. 2(2) OLA 1957). It is possible for him to discharge liability through a notice, which identifies that no trespassers are allowed (Roles v Nathan  [1963] 1 WLR 1117) and the danger of the site is identified (White v Blackmore  [1972] 3 WLR 296). It may be argued that if no sign is put up, and the danger is obvious then there will not be liability against ABC because the individual has assumed the risk (Darby v National Trust  (2001) 3 LGLR 29). Nevertheless, as the property is boarded up it may not be obvious how dangerous the site is to others. Recommendation: Therefore, a sign that clearly should be posted, which states that: No trespassers are allowed; and The dangers of the site The posting of the sign should be at all possible access points, in order to exclude liability. Liability for Active Construction Site: When the site becomes active, there may be dual liability under OLA 1957 and OLA 1984 for ABC and XYZ. This will depend on the nature of control by ABC and XYZ (Adriaanse, 2010, p. 126). For XYZ to be held as an occupier, it should have a degree of control and supervision (Wheat v Lacon [1966] AC 552). As XYZ is the controlling contractor then it will owe an obligation to prevent visitors, employees and sub-contractors from dangers caused by physical defects on the site (Bunker v Charles Brand [1969] 2 QB 480). It is important to stress that there is an obligation on ABC and XYZ to secure the site, which includes all moveable; otherwise liability may arise from harm that emanates from the site (Jolley v London Borough Council [2000] 1 WLR 1083). Securing of the site is also important, because if children access it and are harmed then there will be liability, even with signage, due to the frivolity of youth doctrine (confirmed in OLA 1984) (Keown v Coventry Trust Healthcare NHS [2006] EWCA Civ 39). If the harm is caused by an adult entering the site when there is clear signage of danger then there is assumption of risk and no obligation is owed (Tomlinson v Congelton). Recommendation: ABC and XYZ will need to ensure that there are special measures in place to secure the property when it is an active construction site. This is because any harm that emanates from the site needs to be reasonably mitigated (s. 2(2) OLA 1957) to protect third parties on the site or passing by the site. Securing the site, in order to prevent children entering is paramount, because signage is not enough. Nevertheless, such signage is important to prevent liability for adult trespassers, such as the homeless persons. G.Obligations under the PWA 1996: There is an obligation under s. 1(1) PWA 1996 that there must be notification of any work on a party wall, or that may affect a party wall (Jessop, 2000, p. 8). In fact, Excavations below the level of the foundations of nearby buildings also require that there are notifications under s. 6 PWA 1996. Finally, ss. 2 to 5 PWA 1996 provides that works directly on the party walls, which pose harm to the neighbour’s wall must be notified (Bickford Smith and Lamont, 2007, p. 2). The failure for ABC to notify those neighbours under the PWA 1996 will result in a civil breach of the act. In addition, any damage that is caused must be rectified (Geoffrey Kaye v Matthew Lawrence [2010] EWHC 2678). The obligations of notification are as follows: There must be at least one month’s notice before the construction starts (ss. 2-3 PWA 1996); The neighbours then have the right to consent, consent with provisos or reject the proposed building (s. 4 PWA 1996); and If the neighbour fails to reply and/or no agreement is made then s. 10 PWA 1996 must be engaged (i.e. the dispute resolution procedure) (RICS, 2011; s. 4.1 PWA 1996). A security may be requested by the affected neighbours in case there is harm to the party walls ( 12(1) PWA 1996), in order to meet the obligation of rectification. The failure to engage the notice procedure is too big a risk, because if notice is not served, and harm occurs then there is a presumption of negligence that cannot be discharged (Roadrunner Properties Limited v (1) John Dean (2) Suffolk and Essex Joinery Limited [2003] EWCA Civ 1816). Recommendation: It is essential that ABC serves notices of all neighbours that fall under the PWA 1996; otherwise, it will be in breach of the act, and if harm occurs, there is a presumption of negligence that cannot be waived. Rather, it is the obligation of ABC to prove they were not liable for the harm, which is difficult due to the nature of the harm. ABC may argue that they are not liable, because such an act is delegated to XYZ and liability limited. However, the PWA 1996 holds the property owner liable, which cannot be delegated. H. Conclusion: To summarise the following recommendations identified in each of the sections highlight that there are obligations that ABC and XYZ will owe. Many of the obligations cannot be excluded through limitation of liability clauses and notices. Those that do allow limitation of liability requires reasonable steps to be taken, in order to notify persons of the potential harm (e.g. proper and sufficient signposting of the danger of the site, prohibition of trespassers and limitation of liability). Thus, the overall advice that is given is that ABC and XYZ do not cut corners and fully comply with the law, especially the PWA 1996 due to the nature of the construction project. References: Adriaanse, J (2010) Construction Contract Law 3rd Edition, Palgrave MacMillan Bickford Smith, S and Lamont, C (2007) â€Å"Party Walls etc Act 1996: Ten Years On† Property Bar Association Mini-Conference 13th November 2007 Dugdale, T (2006) â€Å"The Date of Damage in Defective Property Cases† PN 22(3) 196-199 Jessop, D. (2002) ‘Party Wall Practice Procedure in Brief’, The Journal of the RICS Building Surveying Faculty 4, 8-10 Law Commission (2013) Rights to Light Consultation Paper 210 Lowe, D (2005) Duty of Care Deeds and Commercial Property RICS McGee, A   (2000) â€Å"Economic Loss and the problem of the running of time† (2000) CJQ 19, 39-55 Cases: Abbott v Will Gannon Smith [2005] PNLR 30 CA Andreae v Selfridge [1938] Ch1 Bernstein of Leigh (Baron) v. Skyviews General Ltd. [1978] Q.B. 479 Bunker v Charles Brand [1969] 2 QB 480 D F Estates v Church Commissioners for England and Wales [1989] AC 177 D F Estates v Church Commissioners for England and Wales [1989] AC 177 Darby v National Trust  (2001) 3 LGLR 29 Duke of Westminster v Guild [1985] QB 688 East Ham v Bernard Sunley [1966] AC 406 Edwards v Railway Executive  [1952] AC 737 Geoffrey Kaye v Matthew Lawrence [2010] EWHC 2678 Hedley Byrne v Heller Partners [1964] AC 465 HL Invercargill City Council v Hamlin [1996] 1 NZLR 513 IRC v Maxse (1919) 12 TC 41 Jolley v London Borough Council [2000] 1 WLR 1083 Kelsen v Imperial Tobacco Co [1957] 2 QB 334 Keown v Coventry Trust Healthcare NHS [2006] EWCA Civ 39 Lanphier v Phipos (1838) 8 CP 47 Liverpool City Council v Irwin [1977] AC 239 Lowery v Walker  [1911] AC 10 Michael Hyde and Associates Ltd v JD Williams and Co Ltd [2000] EWCA Civ 211   Midland Bank Trust Co Ltd V Hett, Stubbs and Kemp [1978] 2 WLR 167 Murphy v Brentwood DC [1991] 1 AC 398 Murphy v Brentwood DC [1991] 1 AC 398 Nye Saunders and Partners (a firm) v Alan E Bristow (1987) BLR 92 Pirelli General Cable Works Ltd v Oscar Faber and Partners [1983] 2 AC 1 Ratcliffe v Sandwell MBC [2002] EWCA Civ 6 (2002) 1 WLR 1488 Roles v Nathan  [1963] 1 WLR 1117 Saif Ali v Sydney Mitchell [1980] AC 198; Taylor v Glasgow City Council  [1922] 1 AC 44 Tomlinson v Congleton  [2003] 3 WLR 705 Turiff Ltd v Welsh National Water Development Authority [1994] Const LY 122 Westminster City Council v Ocean Leisure [2004] BLR 393). Wheat v Lacon [1966] AC 552 White v Blackmore  [1972] 3 WLR 296

Difference between Social Anxiety Disorder and Shyness Research Paper

Difference between Social Anxiety Disorder and Shyness - Research Paper Example This fear results in the inability of persons suffering from the condition to function normally in social situations. Social anxiety disorder is the most common mental condition around the world and it is estimated that at least twelve percent of the world’s population of children suffer from the condition which develops into their adulthood (Bandelow, Dan & Stein 2004). Social anxiety disorder is normally categorized into two; that is general and specific. The social anxiety disorder that is generalized is normally characterized by the intense fear of someone being humiliated or embarrassed by their actions and fear of being judged by those surrounding them. Specialized social anxiety disorder is where someone is chronically afraid of specific situations. Social anxiety disorder symptoms appear at an early stage in life. For instance, it is estimated that at least eighty percent of people suffering from the disease usually start experiencing symptoms by the time they attain t he age of 20 years (Bandelow, Dan & Stein, 2004). Symptoms associated with the social anxiety disorder are categories into three categories which are behavioral aspects, physiological aspects, and cognitive aspects. Cognitive symptoms of the disorder are where someone has the fear of how they will be presented to others. Symptoms include high self-attention during any social activity and being self-conscious. Most people who suffer from the disease also set performance standards that are too high for themselves. Behavioral aspects of the social anxiety disorder include fearing to be judged by others the society, feeling humiliated or embarrassed after saying something, being uncomfortable in meeting and interacting with people and being distant when with a large group of people among others. Physiological symptoms include shaking, sweating, difficulty in breathing, palpitations, and nausea especially when in crowds and meeting new people. Shyness is a feeling of awkwardness, lack of comfort and apprehension experienced by a person when in close contact with people especially new people. Shyness is considered a feeling or a personality trait and not a medical condition (Antony, 2010). There are various misconceptions that are associated with shyness. One such common attribution is that shy people normally have high intelligence. This is entirely wrong since research has proven that there is no relation to both negative and positive between shyness and intelligence. Shyness is most common in children and normally progresses into adulthood if it is not dealt with. In different cultures, shyness is perceived differently depending on the values imposed in the cultures. For example, in some cultures, shy people are often assumed to be weak while in other cultures shyness is usually associated with intelligence and thoughtfulness. There are various reasons why people experience shyness. Genetics greatly influence shyness where the traits are found among family member s or relatives. Shyness also results from a learned behavior where a person emulates the behavior of their role model which is common in adults (Antony, 2010). Family relationships also result in shyness, especially where children are not emotionally attached to their parents.  

The Iraq war Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Iraq war - Research Paper Example The cold war was associated with near-series of close bloody engagements between the two1. The two superpowers involved the use of surrogate nations in their conflict, with Russia supporting Vietnam and the US supporting Afghan. Both the two countries lost the wars. Much of the devastation was felt by the global north countries. The Vietnam conflict resulted in 4 million deaths of Vietnamese and 1.5 to 2 million Cambodians deaths and displaced millions. To the contrary only 58,000 soldiers died with 300,000 wounded. The same situation is evident in the afghan with an estimation of almost 1.3 million deaths of Afghans and only 15,000 deaths of soviet soldiers. During soviets invasion of Afghanistan, the US through the CIA and other allied nations helped train guerilla fighters to resists the invasion of Soviet. Amongst the nations include Pakistani, Britain, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and China. The then United States security advisor urged President Carter that the Afghan resistance was to be supported, meaning they were to be funded and given arms. He informed him of the importance of Chinese and Pakistani support for the rebels. Within three days of submission of the memo to President Carter, the president made a public statement through the secretary of state informing the public of suspension bilateral talks with Soviet Union on the use of atomic energy peacefully. The US Moscow embassy was instructed to cut ties with Moscow. In 1985, president Regan praised the mujahideen fighters, referring to them as their brothers.

Ethics paper on the goverment mandated vaccinations Assignment

Ethics paper on the goverment mandated vaccinations - Assignment Example etts, New-Jersey and Maryland the vaccination are imposed by the court’s resolution or by the law in force and in some states such laws are being considered. â€Å"During the last flu season, a hospital in northern Indiana fired eight workers who refused to get vaccines against the seasonal disease. According to several media reports, IU Health Goshen Hospital had instituted a policy requiring employees to get flu shots. Several employees balked at getting the shots and tried to seek exemptions. The hospital decided not to grant exemptions and terminated the workers when they refused to change their minds† (Alaniz, 2013). Such politics is very similar to the one in national socialist empires, Stalin’s regimes and communist China. When the officials are asked to lawful substantiation of such measures as forced vaccination of people even if they consider them to be a real treat for them and their relatives, they refer to the necessity of society protection (Poland et al, 2005). But if the vaccination is not so effective as it is stated by the officials why should we be afraid of unvaccinated people as vaccinated individuals were 100% protected? This question puts officials in difficult situation. The usual answer is: the small percent of vaccinated will not be protected enough and may be subject to risk (Hayward, 2006). Then it is necessary to recognize that the possibility of vaccination failure is higher than 5% and this leads to the following question: why should we be vaccinated if the protection is doubtful? Collective immunity is a myth as its conception is related to the natural immunity, which if formed in response (Carman et al, 2000). Many experts state that the best way to stop spread of flu is to stay home when we are sick and wear masks (Conley, 2013). Another question is that forced vaccination is the violation of human rights. Every person should feel free to make his/her own decision on the issue (Shugarman, 2006). Only parents can decide if to

Comparison of Saudi Arabia and Europe Human Trafficking

Comparison of Saudi Arabia and Europe Human Trafficking International Human Trafficking Introduction Human trafficking is an egregious example of how globalization can facilitate and grow international crime rings for purposes of economic gains. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) defines human trafficking as the acquisition of people by improper means, such as force, deception, or fraud with a primary goal of exploiting them (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2009). With the emergence of globalization, the world has opened up and people are more integrated. As a result, movement across the international borders in Europe and Saudi Arabia has been facilitated by the open trade policies adopted. Also, the rise of industrialization and emergence of multinational corporations in both Saudi Arabia and some of the developed European countries are some of the factors of globalization that have necessitated the need for cheap labor as industrial competition intensified globally. Therefore, it is important to create a comparison of the primary factors that facilitat e international human trafficking in Saudi Arabia and Europe to understand the influence that globalization has on the issue. Research Question The following research paper will focus on the key question: Does human trafficking have the same characteristics in Saudi Arabia, as it does in Europe? In responding to this research question, the study will focus on various aspects of culture, socioeconomic conditions, politics, and institutional differences between Saudi Arabia and European countries, and how they contribute to international human trafficking. Hypothesis The research will be directed towards the following hypothesis: Globalization has led to a set of differences in economic, cultural, technological and political factors in Saudi Arabia and Europe. Consequently, these factors define the individual characteristics of human trafficking in each region. Importance of the Research Question The research question is a core concept in unearthing various economic, social, cultural, and individual factors that motivates human trafficking, which is currently a global issue both in the developing and industrialized countries in Saudi Arabia and Europe. By understanding the existing differences in various aspects of human trafficking in Saudi Arabia and Europe, the study will provide a general blueprint on how globalization has contributed to increased cases of human trafficking worldwide. The research question will guide on global policies that should be enacted in order to deal with the problem of human trafficking, which is already a global threat. Human trafficking is a multifaceted issue, which makes it difficult to alleviate completely. First of all, international human trafficking is the most common form of human trade whereby victims are moved across the borders to other countries. Differences in policies, border regulation legislation, socio-economical issues, and cultures among countries make coordination of efforts to combat the crime futile. Therefore, the research question will enhance our understanding in terms of policies and legislation in Saudi Arabia and European countries, how these policies either prevent or facilitate human trafficking, and what needs to be done about such policies to curb the criminal activity. Also, the research question outlines the factors that motivate human trafficking in Saudi Arabia and whether the same factors contribute to human trafficking in Europe. Generally, it is known that different regions have specific needs for the victims of human trafficking. For instance, victims of human trafficking in Saudi Arabia are mainly required for sexual exploitation and forced labor. On the other hand, in Europe, human trafficking mainly revolves around the acquisition of people for purposes of forced labor, servitude and slavery and sexual exploitation in equal measures. These differences also complicate global efforts on ending human trade. Therefore, the research question will provide a roadmap to establish the underlying factors in the Saudi Arabia and Europe which dictate the specific reasons for the acquisition of victims of human trafficking. Consequently, it is possible to develop an integrated approach to address this multifaceted issue. Lastly, this research question is a key influence on policies that will guide consensus building among countries in order to address the growing problem of international human trafficking. Currently, the world is dynamic in various ways and, therefore, issues affecting one country are likely to impact on others. This has primarily been a factor of globalization. Through globalization, business relationships, as well as individual interaction, have increased. Consequently, international crimes such as human trade have, also been facilitated by this integration. With the neoliberalism and emergence of globalization, nations are in a rush to build their individual economies and at the same time disregard policies that influence international relations. Being an international problem with universal threats to human security, human trafficking has negative effects on international relations. It undermines individual and state security because it violates all the elements of human security as a result of coercion and exploitation. These elements include environmental, personal, economic, political, health, community, and food. Therefore, the research question is holistic and will facilitate understanding of international human trafficking from political, economic, cultural, and humanitarian dimensions on the lens of globalization. Review of Literature In his study, Rahman (2011) defines human trafficking as the movement of victims usually women and children across borders either legally or illegally. In addition, the victims can either be documented or without any documents, usually heading to unknown destination unaware of the consequences thereof (Rahman, 2011, p. 54). Current forms of human trafficking in both Saudi Arabia and Europe are more subtle compared to several decades ago. In most cases, victims are usually lured by better opportunities, such as jobs. This is the modern day slavery. According to Rahman (2011), human trafficking is a global phenomenon that can be inextricably linked to the current move of globalization in the sex industries that mainly involve women and children. There are differences in demand for victims of sex trade between Europe and Saudi Arabia. While sex trade is linked with human child trafficking in Saudi, Arabia, sex trafficking in Europe usually involve more adults than children. Globalization and the subsequent free international border movement has facilitated international human trafficking (Liu, 2010). The process has made border crossing especially in European countries very easy. In both Saudi Arabia and Europe, the existing supply-and-demand relationship as a result of globalization has led to establishment of criminal networks which facilitate illegal border crossing as countries enact restrictive immigration policies (Liu, 2010). Subsequently, this has also increased the risks and vulnerabilities of unauthorized immigrants already in the countries to all forms of exploitation (Liu, 2010). Also, Liu (2010) suggests that limitation of immigration through restrictive policies also perpetuate inequality at the global level. Free movement of capital has been enabled by economic globalization. However, states have been using the migration policies as nation-state level gatekeeping instruments by allowing multinational corporation to relocate to low-cost ar eas (Liu, 2010). Saudi Arabia is among the Middle Eastern countries alongside United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Cambodia, Venezuela among others that are designated as Tier 2 by the United States Department of States in relation to human trafficking. According to this classification, Tier 2 countries have governments that do not comply with the minimum standards to eradicate human trafficking (Trafficking in Persons Report, 2016). Increased cases of human trafficking in Saudi Arabia are motivated by various factors of globalization such as easier movement of people into the country according to this report. Currently, Saudi Arabia is a major destination for people from East Africa and South East Asia who either move to the country voluntarily or trafficked for purposes of labor exploitation, or other criminal activities such as forced begging (Trafficking in Persons Report, 2016). In Saudi Arabia, although globalization is a primary factor for the current trends in human trafficking, the political situat ion in the country is also a factor that has contributed to increasing cases of human trafficking. According to the United States Department of States 2016 Trafficking in Persons Report, the government of Saudi Arabia is yet to fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking (Trafficking in Persons Report, 2016). Despite the high number of immigrants in Saudi Arabia who come as domestic servants as well as other forms of exploitation, the government is yet to increase anti-trafficking efforts (Trafficking in Persons Report, 2016). Therefore, human trafficking in Saudi Arabia is both a factor of globalization and weak government policies, as per the U.S Department of States 2016 report (Trafficking in Persons Report, 2016). ÂÂ   Globalization has also resulted to economic competition whereby increasing product prices increases the demand for cheap labor as a means of cost reduction. Also, inequalities in economic growth among European countries and Saudi Arabia have resulted to industrialization of some countries while others are underdeveloped (Rahman, 2011). Saudi Arabia is among the Middle East countries that are endowed with resources such as oil and therefore their economy is doing well. On the other hand, the source countries in East Africa where the victims of human trafficking come are usually characterized by poor economic development and high population growth rate. Consequently, commodification of human life has resulted as human traffickers view humans as exploitable resources that are readily available (Liu, 2010). In his study, Liu (2010) asserts that although human trafficking generally has a long history, the criminal network in the human trade has extended to an unprecedented scale as a result of the widening inequality at the global level. With globalization and the rise of neoliberalism, inequalities among countries have encouraged millions of disadvantaged people to migrate (Liu, 2010, p. 2). Liu (2010) further suggests that although poverty and poor working conditions are the historically known causes of irregular migration, the phenomenon is not purely supply-driven both Saudi Arabia and Europe. As an industrialized economy, Saudi Arabia is on the edge of global economic competition. Therefore, most of the sectors of the economy are under intense pressure to minimize their costs and at the same time capitalize on cheap and flexible labor. This form of labor is readily found from migrants whether they moved in the country legally or illegally (Liu, 2010). This is also the driving force behind human trafficking in Saudi Arabia andÂÂ   Europe whereby industrialization, as well as the emergence of multinational corporations, demand cheap and readily ava ilable labor (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2009). Gilbertson (2015) views the phenomenon of expanding human trafficking as an outcome of the industrial changes through the era of globalization. As a result of globalization, the sex industry which initially occupied a marginal position has now taken the central position in the global economy. The industry has grown tremendously in Saudi Arabia and Europe as a result of the huge profit margins, the extensive market demand and the organizational mechanism that is keen on exploiting the demand (Gilbertson, 2015, p. 9). Developing nations in Europe which were initially under the Soviet Union, such as Ukraine and the Baltic states, were left adrift after the Cold War (Gilbertson, 2015, p. 16). Subsequently, organized crime took center stage. This era was also characterized by technological development which promoted cross-border trade, migration covering up and investment opportunities. According to Gilbertson (2015), globalization has affected all aspects of life such as culture, politic al systems, economic systems among others in Europe. Human trafficking is among the transnational organized crimes that have expanded as a result of globalization. According to Gilbertson, (2015) growth of transnational organized crimes especially in Europe has been fostered by various factors of globalization such as enhanced flow of goods, capital and services, global tourism, increase in human migration and increase in outsourcing manufacturing. Gilbertson (2015) also shows a correlation between the international human trafficking as a transnational organized crime that has been promoted by the law enforcements and individual governments in both Europe andÂÂ   Saudi Arabia. For a long time, governments have been focusing on criminal groups instead of criminal markets. The existing market demand for victims of human trafficking promotes the human trade despite efforts to eliminate the criminal networks. In her research, Gilbertson (2015) focuses on three key global drivers of trafficking for sex exploitation. They include war, economic instability, and technological advancements. In all recent wars surrounding the recent age of globalization, sex trafficking has been reported, hence, creating a dangerous environment for women and children living in war-torn areas in Europe. Also, the increased mobility of the people and instability in such zones further provide a perfect environment for human trafficking for sexual exploitation (Gilbertson, 2015, p. 22). This is the case in war-torn European countries. In addition, economic instability promotes the emergence of criminal activities and promotes migration. Globalization and technological revolution has promoted human trafficking in many ways. Gilbertson (2015) also links the expansive human trafficking criminal network in Europe and Saudi Arabia to globalization, which influences technological revolution in term of communication and marketing. Communication and information sharing through cell phones have promoted human trafficking especially for purposes of sexual exploitation (Gilbertson, 2015, p. 27). Also, the Internet has led to an enormous boom in the child pornography industry with latest forms of human trafficking for sexual exploitation taking place online through chat rooms. In Holland and other surrounding Nordic countries, pornography is legal, and this has promoted cases of child trafficking for purposes of sexual exploitation (Gilbertson, 2015, p. 28). In addition, globalization has also facilitated advancements in transportation technology both in Europe and Saudi Arabia. The subtle forms of slavery promoted by human trafficking occur when in the process of searching for economic opportunities, migrants are coerced into work unwillingly (Liu, 2010, p. 2). Liu asserts that international human trafficking is not only an international crime but a process of globalization itself especially in technological perspective. Although globalization has contributed to important gains especially in the areas of trade, communication and transport in Europe, it has also opened up new avenues for human traffickers who are able to easily conduct the criminal activities (Liu, 2010). In his study, Brewer (2010) acknowledges the research question by linking the process of globalization as an integral part of growing cases of international human trafficking. In this study, Brewer (2010) asserts that in the wake of globalization, interplay of economic, social and political factors in different parts of the world have resulted to what he terms as global apartheid which has given rise to a new fourth world which is a population comprising of the incarcerated, homeless, impoverished and other socially excluded people (Brewer, 2010, p. 47). This is the group of people who provide most of the victims of human trafficking. The comparative advantage in goods and cheap labor in the third world countries has contributed towards objectifying and exploiting humans for economic ends (Brewer, 2010, p. 48). Based on the suggestions provided by other scholars in answering the research question, I will consider evaluating the existing connection between the process of globalization and international human trafficking. I will focus on providing evidence why human trafficking is not an outcome of globalization but rather a part of it. This implies that even though different states have the option to enact policies and legislation that can minimize cases of human trafficking, there are aspects of globalization that cannot be adjusted. First, I would focus on showing the evidence on how globalization has promoted stiff economic, technological, social, and political competition in both developing and industrialized countries. A primary outcome of this competition is increased inequality between nations. As the industrialized countries continue to develop, the disadvantaged countries are forced to bear the repercussions of this economic competition in terms of slower economic growth, high rate of unemployment, low literacy levels and rapidly growing population. Consequently, I will provide a critical analysis on how these factors provide the right environment which facilitates human trafficking as excessive population makes humans exploitable resources. Also, in answering the research question, I will critically evaluate how political factors such as weak government, corruption and the rise of highly developed organized crimes have led to an increase in cases of human trafficking, especially in the Saudi Arabia. The international community has not yet come into aid of governments with a weak economic infrastructure that can aid in combating this global crime. I will also provide an input on reasons why the weak governments are unable to handle the problem of human trafficking suh as insufficiency of resources, manpower, and technology that is critical in decreasing human trafficking cases in their respective areas of jurisdiction. Also, I wil provide evidence on how human trade has proliferated in European countries where the governments are unable to maintain economic and political stability. Lack of an effective international oversite body to monitor the policies used by individual countries to combat human trafficking also contri butes towards the proliferation of the vice in countries with a weak political system. I will also be critical on Weak relations in the international community and this has also contributed towards the spread of the criminal network dealing in human trade in Europe and Saudi Arabia. Failure by countries and international organizations to effectively monitor and address the problem of human trafficking in individual countries has subsequently reinforced it. In my analysis on the factors in globalization that have contributed to the high rate of human trafficking in Saudi Arabia and Europe, I will also focus on the weak relations in the international community and how they have also contributed towards the spread of the trade as well as how failure by countries and international organizations to effectively monitor and address the problem of human trafficking in individual countries has subsequently reinforced it. With the world moving towards exceeding its capacity, human beings are becoming the most abundant and exploitable resources. Therefore, when answering the research question, I will provide evidence on how countries with a lower Gross National Product (GNP) are more prone to cases of human trafficking in comparison to countries with a high GNP. Also, the answer to the research question will focus on the economic factors in globalization such as increased demand for cheap labor and subsequent influence on international human trafficking . In addition, I will concentrate on issues such as how globalization has destroyed the barriers between countries hence paving the way for illegal inter-border immigration. Increased amount of consumerism in developed countries lead to a subsequent increase in demand for cheap and exploitable labor. Part II Research Methods In order to carry out the research that will help in answering the research question, I will employ various methods of data collection, data analytical tools and assumed data analysis. Primarily, this section of the research will describe the rationale for the application of the specific procedures and techniques in data collection and analysis for the study. This will be a crucial part of the study that will enable the reader to critically evaluate the overall validity and reliability of the study. Data collection and analysis tools that will be chosen for this study are critical because they will automatically affect the findings and by extension, how the findings will be interpreted. The methods that will be chosen for collection and analysis of the data should be appropriate for fulfilling the overall aim of this study in order to come up with informed rationale on the existing relationship between globalization and aspects of international human trafficking in Europe and Saudi A rabia. Therefore, a large enough sample size will be important for this study to generalize and make informed recommendations based on the findings of the study. In this study, aspects of both qualitative and quantitative research will be applied. Study Participants When choosing the participants for this study, it is important to consider the respondents who will provide the best information for this study. Therefore, it is important to think carefully around all the issues surrounding the research question and gain access to the most effective respondents. Secondly, it is important to consider the number of participants who will take part in the study and how they will be selected. The key participants for this study will include government sources who will provide information on policies in place to address human trafficking in Europe and Saudi Arabia. This is because government policies are major drivers of globalization and subsequently, human trafficking. Another group of participants for this study will be identified victims of human trafficking. As study participants, victims of human trafficking are credible sources of vital information regarding the trade such as the methods used by the traffickers to acquire the victims and how they a re facilitated in entering through borders. Information acquired from this group of participants will facilitate the research in terms of creating constructs between border policies in Europe and Saudi Arabia and international human trafficking. Identified victims of human trafficking can be accessed through various recovery centers and focused groups. Another group of study participants who can help in answering the research question include voluntary convicted participants in the human trade who will provide information on various factors of globalization that determine demands for victims of human trade as well as how the cartels are connected in Saudi Arabia and Europe. This group of participants will also provide vital information on how border culture, weak institutions among other factors facilitate the business of human trafficking.ÂÂ   There is no age limit for the study participants because the victims of human trade includes all genders, age groups, race, religion an d socio-economic classes. Data Collection The following research will employ various data collection strategies in order to critically analyze the issues surrounding globalization and how they have contributed toward human trafficking internationally. Both the primary and the secondary data sources will be employed in order to provide a form of analysis on the changing trends in international human trafficking so that the impact of globalization on the vice can be scrutinized. Therefore, the various tools for data collection will be considered in this study. The methods of data collection will depend on their suitability to the target groups and the various issues that require assessment. Also, the tools chosen to collect data will depend on their efficiency in identifying issues such as the outputs and the outcomes of the process. The ability of the instruments of measure to provide similar answers to the same question when administered differently is also a key determinant of the tools to be used in data collection. Variou s data collection tools have their advantages and disadvantages and, therefore, suitability for the study should be the main point of consideration. Data Collection Tools Various methods of data collection critical for the subject include primary data sources from victims of human trafficking. This can be obtained from series of interview, focus groups and case studies in order to obtain first-hand insights into human trade and the similarities in the victims of human trafficking such as countries of origin, economic status and the circumstances surrounding their trafficking. Both qualitative and quantitative data can be collected in relation to globalization and international human trafficking to provide a relationship in between that can guide future approach to the issue. Quantitative data Quantitative data is a useful tool in this research for the informed measure of quantities. This can include statistical data such as numbers of victims of human trafficking etc. Census reports. Census reports are key to globalization and human trafficking studies because it will provide data about every unit in a group of the population. For instance, census reports from various countries can show that age variations among the citizens and also monitor movements of different groups of people both locally and internationally. In addition, through census reports, it is possible to examine the current economic conditions in a given country and how these conditions influence migration of the people. Administrative data. Various international organizations such as UNICEF, ILO, UNODC collect information on a day-to-day basis on operations and economic trends in various countries. The statistics obtained from these organizations annual reports is usually in real time and can be used as an indicator of the conditions on the ground. Administrative data will be useful in this research because it will shows various economic policies operating in different countries influence trade, the emergence of new industries and border movements. This form of data will also provideÂÂ   insights on changing trends on international human trafficking such as the destinations, reasons for the trafficking as well as data on the most preferred victims for the trade. An example is the 2014 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime which shows a changing trend in human trafficking whereby girls are more preferred than boys as aÂÂ   result of growing demands in the sex trade. This report also shows the main reasons behind human trafficking in various parts of the world. In Africa and the Saudi Arabi, sexual exploitation and forced labor are the main drivers behind human trafficking. However, in other parts such as East Asia and Americas, forced labor is the primary reason behind the high cases of human trafficking. Tracer studies. Tracer studies will be an important tool for data collection in this research because they will include a combination of regular surveys which are used as the core tool. The regular surveys will be combined with an in-depth discussion with samples of the surveys as well as interviewing key informants about the human trade. Key informants can be voluntary informants who can be either victim of the trafficking or traffickers themselves. Government sources can also be used to provide key information especially on the interplay between the economic policies put in place and how they promote globalization as well as other outcomes of globalization such as human trafficking. Qualitative data. Qualitative data is critical to this study because it will provide information on the qualities which are not measurable. This includes reasons why a particular group of people is preferred as victims of human trafficking in particular parts of the world as well aa the factors that facilitate human trafficking in various parts of the world. Interviews. Interviewing is an essential data collection tool for this study. Interviews can be done on the identified victims of human trafficking because they will assist in providing first-hand information about the nature of the trade. Essentially, human trafficking is a very discreet trade and much is not known about it. Therefore, by linking the information obtained through interviews, it wil be possible to link various aspects of the trade to the prevailing economic conditions and globalization in general. Case studies.Case studies will be extensively used qualitative data collection tools in this research because they will provide a critical analysis of the issue of human trafficking base on specific cases. In this research, case studies involving a particular individual in the trade or country where human trafficking is rampant can provide general insights on the nature of the trade in other parts of the world and how globalization has contributed to changes in the nature of the trade. Besides, case studies also enable movement tracking whereby the identified victims can provide critical information such as the transport methods used by human traffickers, destination, and communication. Case studies also facilitate the process of identifying various agencies that take part in human trafficking. Literature review for secondary data. Literature materials can also provide credible information on nature on the nature of human trafficking as a result of globalization and also providing a comparison with the earlier forms of human trafficking before globalization. This method of data collection heavily relies on the opinions of the researcher as per their area of study. Through a systematic review of literate, it is possible to identify gaps in research that have not been addressed in relation to globalization as a contributing factor to human trafficking. Various research articles employ different methods of data collection. Therefore, it is also possible to compare the various methods of data collection used and identify the most accurate in terms of the findings. Assumed Data Analysis Data analytics refer to various methods of examining raw data in order to draw informed conclusions in relation to the available information. In this study, various tool for data analysis will be used to summarize the information obtained during data collection in order to illustrate various measures that directly or indirectly link international human trafficking to globalization. Data Analysis Planning During data analysis, it is important to edit the research questions and the alternative hypothesis. The data analysis plan will specify the various statistics that need to be analyzed as per the research question and the assumptions of the statistics. Also, the data analysis plan will provide an appropriate justification as to why the statistics chosen are appropriate. Besides, it is important to justify the sample size and if possible references are made. This is

Booker T Washington Essay example -- essays research papers

Booker T Washington was one of the best advocates in his time. Growing up in slavery and out coming the horrifying struggles of the 1870’s was a great effort. Born in the era were black people were like flies he found a determination to succeed and discovered many powers in life. Washington childhood was one of privation, poverty, slavery, and backbreaking work. Born in 1856, he was from birth the property of James Burroughs of Virginia. He didn’t know his father but his mother Jane raised him and put him to work as soon as possible. Washington received no Education because it was illegal for him to receive an education. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, but it could not be enforced until the end of The Civil War in 1865. Washington’s stepfather was very fortunate because he found work packing salt in Malden. Jane moved to join her husband in Malden. The nine year old spent exhausting days packing salt. Like many blacks being free Washington wanted an education. When he was 16 he decided he wanted to go to Hampton Institute. He didn’t know if he was going to excepted and if he did were he would get the money to pay.. Hungry he arrived at the doorsteps of Hampton. Hampton Institute became a big influence to Washington’s life. Armstrong, the founder of Hampton, believed in work, study, hygiene, morality, self-discipline, and self-reliance. His purpose was to train black teachers, but every student should have a trade was well. Washington’s trade was being a janit... Booker T Washington Essay example -- essays research papers Booker T Washington was one of the best advocates in his time. Growing up in slavery and out coming the horrifying struggles of the 1870’s was a great effort. Born in the era were black people were like flies he found a determination to succeed and discovered many powers in life. Washington childhood was one of privation, poverty, slavery, and backbreaking work. Born in 1856, he was from birth the property of James Burroughs of Virginia. He didn’t know his father but his mother Jane raised him and put him to work as soon as possible. Washington received no Education because it was illegal for him to receive an education. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, but it could not be enforced until the end of The Civil War in 1865. Washington’s stepfather was very fortunate because he found work packing salt in Malden. Jane moved to join her husband in Malden. The nine year old spent exhausting days packing salt. Like many blacks being free Washington wanted an education. When he was 16 he decided he wanted to go to Hampton Institute. He didn’t know if he was going to excepted and if he did were he would get the money to pay.. Hungry he arrived at the doorsteps of Hampton. Hampton Institute became a big influence to Washington’s life. Armstrong, the founder of Hampton, believed in work, study, hygiene, morality, self-discipline, and self-reliance. His purpose was to train black teachers, but every student should have a trade was well. Washington’s trade was being a janit...

Dress Shop

Name of the Enterprise The business name â€Å"Wedlock Trends† will display a wedding dress shop that will offer the latest and the hottest styles of wedding apparel of the season. Location The location of the business is at Door 4, 500 Gabaton Building, Elpidio Quirino Avenue, Davao City. The commercial space measures 5Ãâ€"14 sq. The space will be rented at P12, 000/month, exclusive of water and electricity expenses. The area is a perfect spot for a wedding dress shop for it is easy to find since it is located in the main road. Aside from that, the area is filled with office buildings, inns, schools, and other business entities nearby.Descriptive Definition of the Product Wedlock Trends shall cater to the needs of grooms and brides in a comfortable and relaxed setting. In its warm and intimate setting, the Wedlock Trends’ friendly and knowledgeable bridal consultants are available to help in finding everything that they need for their upcoming wedding. We offer bridal dresses and all the accessories as well as fashions required for the rest of the bridal party. Project’s Long-Range Objectives Wedlock Trends has been created with one main objective: to provide the bride with the ultimate experience in finding the perfect wedding dress!In 2016, Wedlock Trends will create tie-ups with the prominent photo studio and flower shop here in Davao. It will be convenient for our clients for they don’t have to waste their time searching for quality photos and videos as well as fresh and beautifully arranged flowers. Wedlock Trends will expand and cater other occasions as well. Elegant night gowns, classic dresses, up-to-date men’s suit, and a lot more will be added to our collection for parties, debuts, and other significant events. By doing such, it is expected that the number of employees in every department will be increased as well as the machineries used in the process.Feasibility Criteria The most important guidelines used to judg e the feasibility of the project is its marketing aspect and financial aspect. The marketing aspect tells what the project is all about, who the target market is, when is the perfect time to open the business, where is it located, and how is it going to compete with its competitors. It is also where the demand and supply analysis is, which will be a great criterion. The financial aspect provides the data that shows the projects profitability. It is important to know if the project is attainable, feasible, and profitable.Highlights Of The Project History Many young girls dream about what kind of wedding dress they’d like to wear on their special day so we have thought of creating a project that will certainly be desired by our target market. It’s a business that caters not only the needs of a soon-to-be couples but one that fulfills their dreams, to have a unique and remarkable wedding. This is an amazing business which has developed a strong, distinctive and individual identity with a reputation for both quality and service – very profitable business.This is a delightful business with bridal gowns to suit every style of wedding. It is fantastic opportunity to own a money making business in a very up-market industry. This business is not just a business, it is a life style choice with plenty of fashion. This very good business opportunity provides bridal wear, stocked with a superb range of designer wedding gowns, bridal accessories include jewelry, tiaras, stationery, gifts, to compliment any wedding reception which is excellent for add-on purchases. This is a business opportunity to own and grow a dynamic business .This is an amazing opportunity for someone who just wants to literally wants to jump straight in and continue the exceptional success achieved. It is a business opportunity that is highly profitable and offers great potential whether h global, national or local aspect. Project Time Table and Status The project is expected to be operational by May 2014. For now, thorough studies and research are being done to carefully analyze its standing once we enter the market. Nature of the Industry The wedding gown industry is one that is made up of multiple smaller enterprises like caterers, wedding consultants, dresses, various eauty suppliers (hair, makeup), photographers, favors/bridesmaids gifts, music, honeymoon related, etc. While the industry as a whole represents a lot of money, each of the component parts is much smaller — some smaller than others. These smaller composite suppliers can be very local and likely will be small and privately owned. Mode of Financing The source of funds of Wedlock Trends that will be used to put up the business is from the contributions of the four (4) persons who will be the owner of the dress shop.Each shall contribute P625, 000 for a total of P2, 500, 000. 00. A cash contribution is better than bank loans for it has a lower risk and high interest cost which will result to lower income. Investment Cost The funds allocated for this project is P2, 500, 000. 00. The proponents have agreed to form a partnership wherein four (4) persons merge to contribute for the capitalization of Wedlock Trends, with the intention of dividing the profits among themselves. Major assumptions and summary of findings and conclusion on the following: Market FeasibilityIn our Market Study, we identify who will be our customers, suppliers, and competitor as well as the number of demand that we will gain in the succeeding years. In our data of demand analysis the first year show lesser number of demands, it is because Wedlock Trends is new to the market and customers do not know the business yet. The succeeding years shows the increasing number of demand, it is because Wedlock Trends formulated a marketing program which to have a flyers, posters and streamers printing for the customer to be aware about the existing of the business. Technical FeasibilityWedlock Trends is a cl othing business designed to make wedding gowns, barongs, tuxedo’s and cocktail dresses. The business offer readymade dresses aside from made to order and customize clothes. The supply is high; there are many companies who supply such equipment. Financial Feasibility The Wedlock Trend Dress Shoppe shows an income statement of the cash flows the cash receipts such as profit, salary, capital and so on has an increase every year. It means that the business gaining a profit. For the balance sheet, there is also an increase and the total assets and the total liabilities and owners’ equity is well balance.For the ratio analysis, the profit ratio has an average of 41. 26% means there is a profit of . 43. For the payback capital computation, there is 2. 21, means the capital of the business can be recovered within 2 years. Socio-economic Feasibility The number of Wedding dress shop in Metro Davao is rapidly increasing. The more competition, the better it is for the market, beca use innovation, better products and service will be present. These industries will affect the economy as a whole on a much more scale. It gives employment to those who seeks job. Management FeasibilityThe structure of the business begins with the four (4) persons/partners who are also the owners of the business. The manager will handle the sales, manufacturing and service aspects of the business. In terms of salary scale, the manager will be compensated with minimum wage and the other employees are below the minimum wage. MARKET STUDY Clothing is a beautiful visual demonstration of the social and emotional needs of people wearing it. It also portrays in a clearly understood visual manner, what people of different cultures and styles want socially.Fashion, through times, has gone through so many rapid changes and bizarre extremes that it has examples of nearly every kind of clothing function, especially when it comes to wedding attires. The range of Filipino wedding dresses is remark ably wide, according to the vast cultures, geographical differences, purchasing capacities, influence of the western culture, and bewildering diversities of the ethnic groups. One has, therefore, to sift and isolate, and then relate and bring together, the ideas for creating various designs, which can fit in the context of theFilipino style, conservative, elegant yet still in trend. When it comes to the most special day of a couple’s life, we like to make a personal effort to make it all that it can be. The business will be a full-service wedding dress shop catering to customers who are searching for reasonable quality products at affordable prices. Our main focus will be quality in every process right from buying stuff, raw material selection, designer selection, stitching till the delivery of product to final customer in order to fulfill our goal of customer satisfaction.We will be providing standardized products as well as customized dresses according to ones needs. Geogra phical areas of dispersion The location of the business is at Door 4, 500 Gabaton Building, Elpidio Quirino Avenue, Davao City. The commercial space measures 5Ãâ€"14 sq. The rental price is P12, 000. 00 per month, exclusive of water and electricity expenses. Our Competitors are the Wedding Glamour, Wedding Channel, Wedding Avenue, and Knot’s Forever. Target Market The scope of our wedding dress shop is the people living within Metro Davao with a population of 1,449,296 (National Statistics Office, 2010).To be specific, most of the target market will be composed of couples of ages 18 years old and above, teenagers and young adults in high school and college, and young professionals, who belong to the middle and upper class. The middle class customers are those who have moderate income and have the capability to purchase products and services with high quality. The upper class customers are those who have high income and have the capability to purchase product and services wit h high quality, and look for luxury. Target Market |Age |Population | |Couples |18 – 64 years old |635,412 | |Teenagers |13 – 18 years old |255, 465 | |Young Adults |20 – 24 years old |117,083 | |Young Professionals 25 – 34 years old |186, 691 | |Walk-ins |18 – 64 years old |635,412 | Demand Analysis Projection of the number of the products to be sold. PRODUCTS |Year 1 |Year 2 |Year 3 |Year 4 |Year 5 | | | | |Bridal Gown |– inclusive headdress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag | |Grooms’ Barong |– pinya jusi with embroidery (free makeup) | |Whole Entourage |(1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls | | |(1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, | | |(3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) | |Parents’ outfits of the couple |- parents of the couple | | |free pictures | |Bronze Special Package = P 20,000. 00 | | |Bridal Gown |– inclusive headdress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag | | |free ma ke up | |Grooms’ Barong |– pinya jusi with embroidery (free makeup) |Whole Entourage |(1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls | | |(1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, | | |(3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) | |Parents’ outfits of the couple |- parents of the couple | | |free pictures | | |free video CD of the wedding | |Gold Special Package = P 30,000. 0 | | |Bridal Gown |– inclusive headdress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag | | |free gown and make up | |Grooms’ Barong |– pinya jusi with embroidery (free makeup) | | |free male perfume | |Whole Entourage |(1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls | | |(1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, | | |(3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) | |Parents’ outfits of the couple |- dress & suits for the parents of the couple | | |free pictures | | |free video CD of the wedding | |Diamond Special Package = P 50,000. 0 | | |Bridal Gown |– inclusive head dress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag | | |free gown, make up, bouquet | |Grooms’ Barong |– pinya jusi with embroidery (free makeup) | | |free male perfume | |Whole Entourage |(1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls | | |(1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, | | |(3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) | |Parents’ outfits of both couple |- dress & suits for the parents of the couple | | |free pictures with album | | |free video CD of the wedding | | |free picture publicity on Mindanao Daily Mirror | Competitor’s Analysis |Name of Competitor |Products/Services |Location |Store Hours | |Wedding Glamour |Gown & Entourage Package: |Door 1 Gahol Bldg. , E Quirino|9:00 – 5:00pm | | |1 Bridal Gown w/ accessories |Ave. , Davao City | | | |1 Groom Attire | | | |1 Maid of Honor Gown | | | | |3 Bridesmaid Gowns | | | | |3 Flower Girl Gowns w/ basket | | | | |1 Bestman Barong | | | | |3 Groomsmen Barong/Tuxedo | | | | |3 Bearer’s B arong/Tuxedo | | | | |2 Mother Dress | | | | |2 Father Barong | | | |Wedding Avenue |Gown & Entourage Package: |Front of Dep-Ed, E. Quirino |9:00 – 5:00pm | | |1 Bridal Gown w/ accessories |Ave. | | | |1 Groom Attire |Davao City | | | |1 Maid of Honor Gown | | | | |3 Bridesmaid Gowns | | | | |3 Flower Girl Gowns w/ basket | | | | |1 Bestman Barong | | | | |3 Groomsmen Barong/Tuxedo | | | | |3 Bearer’s Barong/Tuxedo | | | | |2 Mother Dress | | | | |2 Father Barong | | | |Wedding Channel |Gown & Entourage Package: |E.Quirino Avenue, Davao City| | | |1 Bridal Gown w/ accessories | | | | |1 Groom Attire | | | | |1 Maid of Honor Gown | | | | |3 Bridesmaid Gowns | |8:00 – 5:00pm | | |3 Flower Girl Gowns w/ basket | | | | |1 Bestman Barong | | | | |3 Groomsmen Barong/Tuxedo | | | | |3 Bearer’s Barong/Tuxedo | | | | |2 Mother Dress | | | | |2 Father Barong | | | |Knots Forever |Bridal Package: | | | | |1 Bridal Gown | |8:00 – 5:00pm | | |1 Head Dress |E. Q uirino Avenue, Davao City| | | |1 1st Veil | | | | |1 2nd Veil | | | | |1 Cord | | | | |2 Cushions | | | |1 Groom Barong / Tuxedo | | | | |Entourage: | | | | |1 Maid of Honor Gown | | | | |1 Maid of Honor Head Dress | | | | |3 Bridesmaid Gowns | | | | |3 Flower Girls Gown | | | | |3 Baskets | | | | |1 Best Man | | | | |3 Groomsmen Barong | | | | |3 Bearer’s Barong | | | Marketing Program Our means of advertisements are posters and streams printing, through networking sites, and fashion shows. Posters and Streamers Printing – This can also be a tool for advertising.We can put posters and streamers printing at malls and hotels and restaurants for them to easily recognize our product. Facebook & Multiply – Billions of people, foreign or local are users of Facebook. And these people logs in almost everyday for about an hour or more. Through Facebook and Multiply, it is easier to reach the right audience. It is easy, convenient, and costs no cent. Newspaper Ads â₠¬â€œ The oldest form of advertising is still an effective way to reach a large number of people. These ads can do a lot more than just advertise one item or one sale–each one can work really hard to bring in customers, and then bring them back again and again. They're a good way to reach a large number of people, especially those aged 45-plus who end to read the paper more frequently than younger demographic groups who tend to get their news from television, radio or the internet. And we can target our ads to the appropriate markets by requesting that our ads run in the section(s) that most closely relate to our target audience. MANAGEMENT STUDY Personnel Expertise Wedlock Trends will hire one (1) manager, two (2) sewers, two 2 (cutters), two (2) beaders. The descriptions of hiring employees are the following: |Manager – |Responsible for maintaining the store in order to ensure residents and visitors have access to necessary supplies and| | |accommodations. |Responsibi lities |Maintain customer services and facilities | | |greet customers and provide assistance | | |maintain cleanliness and order in the store | | |Maintain stock, supplies and inventories | | |take inventory | | |order groceries and supplies | | |mark prices on stock | | |restock shelves | | |Maintain accounts | | |record prices in the log book | | |operate the cash register | | |balance cash receipts | | |make deposits | | |record visa and debit accounts | | |maintain a manual general ledger | |Qualifications |Minimum 3 years of retail management experience. More extensive retail experience will be welcomed. Experience in | | |personal computer retail setting is preferred, but not mandatory. | |Must have an interest in fashion and have an eye for art. | | |Strong leadership skills. | | |Ability to effectively teach/develop others to next level. | | |Good merchandising skills and a flair for conceiving and implementing creative merchandising themes. | | |Strong operations exp erience in receiving, stock and inventory as well as front-end management and office management. | | |Ability to organize and prioritize multiple tasks in a fast-paced environment. | | |Strong interpersonal, motivational, communication and organizational skills. | |At least 25 years old | |Sewer – |Sewers cut, trim, sew and design clothing and accessories according to the company or client’s demand | |Responsibilities |Sew, trim and stitch gowns/suits and other tailored products. | | |Draw and design gowns/suits to present to the company or clients | | |Measure client’s vital statistics that will use as a pattern for the clothes. | | |Sew gowns/suits using sewing machine or other stitching machines. | | |Inspect finished product and do finishing touches. | |Hand stitch edges or linings | | |Iron gowns/suits | |Qualifications |Must have taken vocational or short course in tailoring | | |Must have at least 3-5 years experience as a sewer or tailor | | |Knowledg e in sewing, both hand and machine sewing | | |Knowledge and ability on different kinds of stitches and design | | |Knowledge in different kinds of cloths | | |Knowledge and ability to sew in different kinds of clothes. | | |Knowledge in fashion designing is a plus | | |Knowledge and ability to design wearable and appealing gowns/suits | | |Ability to use sewing machines. | |Pattern Cutter – |Pattern cutters create templates for the kinds of patterns that will be used in clothing lines, based on illustrated | | |designs created by the design department of the fashion company. |Responsibilities |Cut fabrics or textiles | | |Adjust cutting techniques to types of fabrics and styles of garments. | | |Adjust machine controls, such as heating mechanisms, tensions, and/or speeds to produce specified products. | | |Inspect products to ensure that specifications are met and to determine whether machines require adjustment. | | |Operate machines to cut multiple layers of fabric int o parts | |Qualifications |Must have an interest in fashion and have an eye for art. | |Must have good analytical skills | | |Must be computer literate | | |Must be able to work quickly | |Beader – |Beaders are responsible of putting beads and sequins on bridal gowns for accent. | |Responsibilities |Puts beads and sequins on gowns | | |Inspect products to ensure that specifications are met and to determine whether machines require adjustment. | |Qualifications |Must have an interest in fashion and have an eye for art. | |Preferably with 3 years experience in custom-made formal wear | | |With good moral character and working habit | Working Salaries and Benefits Below are the salaries and benefits of the employees. |PERSONNEL |PHILHEALTH |SSS |TOTAL | |Manager |P 301. 00 every quarter |P 225. 00 per month |P 9,030. 00 per month-based on minimum P 301. 0| | | | |daily | |Sewer |P 205. 00 every quarter |P 125. 00 per month |P 4,400. 00 per month | |Cutter | | | | |Beader | | | | |NOTE: |The sewers, cutters, and beaders are not based on minimum wages because they are not yet regulars. | Organizational ChartThe organizational chart of Wedlock Trends shows the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs. As a starting business, Wedlock Trends involve few personnel/staff. The manager assumes the leadership roles within the company and will be responsible for the daily operation, over-seeing marketing efforts, buying merchandise, managing inventory and all other administrative duties. The other staffs will assist the owner with assisting the customers and the sewers, cutters, beaders to maintain the dress will be good quality to the customers. Gantt Chart Below is the calendar of activities of Wedlock Trends. OOperating Activities | |Activities | |Activities | |Particulars |Quantity |Price |Acquisition Value | |Bridal Fabric (local) |5 rolls |125/m |P 34,375. 00 | |Bridal Fabric (imported) |3 rolls |395/m |65,175. 00 | |Bridal Lace (local) |5 rolls |280/m |77,000. 00 | |Bridal Lace (imported) |3 rolls |550/m |90,750. 00 | |Pants/Slacks Fabrics |5 rolls |145/m |39,875. 0 | |Dress/Gown (local) |5 rolls |55/m |15,125. 00 | |Dress/Gown (imported) |3 rolls |120/m |19,800. 00 | |Barong |5 rolls |108/m |29,700. 00 | |Tuxedo |5 rolls |125/m |34,375. 00 | |Buttons |5 kilos |250/k |1,250. 0 | |Beads and Sequins |5 kilos |300/k |1,500. 00 | |Embroidery Threads |5 boxes |360/b |1,800. 00 | |Embroidery Threads |4 boxes |1320/b |5,280. 00 | |Needle Book (kit) |5 boxes |6. 50 |32. 50 | |Sewing Thread |8 boxes |206. 5/b |1,651. 60 | |Zipper |8 rolls |33 |264. 00 | |Tape Measure |5pcs |4 |20. 00 | |Yard Stick |5pcs |22. 75 |113. 75 | |Garter |7 rolls |315/r |2,205. 00 | |TOTAL | |P 420, 291. 85 | | Office Materials | |Particular |Quantity |Price Per Unit |Acquisition Value | |Stapler |2 |P 120. 00 |P 240. 00 | |Scissors |3 |55. 00 |165. 00 | |Calculator |2 |390. 00 |780. 0 | |thumbtacks |4 |10. 00 |40. 00 | |TOTAL | | |P 1,225. 00 | |Office Supplies | |Particular |Quantity |Price Per Unit |Acquisition Value | |Long Coupon Bond |1 ream |P 168. 00 |P 168. 0 | |Short Coupon Bond |1 ream |158. 00 |158. 00 | |Pencils |15 pcs |6. 00 |90. 00 | |Pens |10 pcs |7. 00 |70. 00 | |Staples |5 boxes |15. 00 |75. 00 | |Folders |50 pcs |6. 00 |300. 0 | |Paper Clips |1 box |25. 00 |25. 00 | |Fastener |1box |35. 00 |35. 00 | |Record Book |1 pcs |89. 00 |89. 00 | |Binder Aids |1 box |32. 00 |32. 00 | |Adhesive tape |2pcs |22. 0 |44. 00 | |TOTAL | | |P 1,086. 00 | Machineries and Equipment |Machine | |Particulars |Quantity |Price |Life |Acquisition Value |Annual Depreciation | |Sewing Machine |3 |P 8,995. 00 |5 |P 26,985. 00 |P 5,397. 0 | |Embroidery Machine |2 |12,300. 00 |5 |24,600. 00 |4,920. 00 | |TOTAL | | | | |P 10,317. 00 | II – Equipment |Equipment | |Particular |Quantity |Price |Life |Acquisition Value |Annual Depreciation | |Computer Set |1 |P 25,000. 0 |5 |P 25,000 . 00 |P 5,000. 00 | |Printer |1 |3,500. 00 |5 |3,500. 00 |700. 00 | |Air Conditioner |1 |14,000. 00 |5 |14,000. 00 |2,800. 00 | |Water Dispenser |1 |4,200. 00 |5 |4,200. 00 |840. 00 | |Body Form |6 |2,000. 00 |5 |12,000. 00 |2,400. 0 | |Working Table |1 |3,900. 00 |5 |3,900. 00 |780. 00 | |Steel Cabinet |1 |5,700 |5 |5,700. 00 |1,140. 00 | |Electric Iron |1 |690. 00 |- |690. 00 |- | |Ironing Board |1 |350. 00 |- |350. 00 |- | |Electric Fan |1 |1,300. 00 |- |1,300. 0 |- | |Clotheslines Stand |5 |1,299. 00 |- |6,495. 00 |- | |Dress Bag |100 |49. 00 |- |4,900. 00 |- | |Hangers |20 |74. 75/set |- |1,495. 00 |- | |Coat Hangers |50 |69. 75 |- |3,487. 00 |- | |Soft Broom |1 |45. 0 |- |45. 00 |- | |Trash Bin |1 |89. 50 |- |89. 50 |- | |Dust Pan |1 |25. 00 |- |35. 00 |- | |Pail |1 |115. 00 |- |115. 00 |- | |TOTAL | | | |P 87,301. 50 |P 13,630. 00 | Utilities Consumption Operating Expense | |Particulars |Amount | |Lease Payment |P 24,000. 00 | |Office Supplies |13,032. 00 | |Dress Shop Suppl ies |420,291. 85 | |Repair and Maintenance |144,000. 0 | |Electricity Utilities |5,786. 00 | |Telephone Utilities |11,988. 00 | |Water Utilities |6,000. 00 | |TOTAL |P 625,097. 85 | FINANCIAL STUDY Project Cost Summary Project Cost Summary | | |Amount | |Capital Expenditure | | | |Furniture and Fixture |P 45,880. 00 | | |Office Equipment |87,301. 50 |P 133,181. 50 | | | |Direct Expenditures | | | |Feasibility Study (preparation) |7,000. 0 | | |Survey |3,000. 00 | | |Partnership Expense |5,750. 00 | | |Permit and Licenses |1,725. 00 | | |Legal Fees |3,500. 00 | | |Insurance |3,500. 0 | | |Advertising Expense |1,930. 00 | | |Office Material |1,225. 00 |27,630. 00 | | | |Working Capital (1 month) | | | |Salaries |26,550. 0 | | |Light and Power | | | |Electric Bill (482. 25) | | | |Water Bill (500. 00) |982. 25 | | |Communication | | | |Telephone (999. 00) |999. 0 | | |Lease Payments |2,000. 00 | | |Repair and Maintenance |12,000. 00 | | |Office Supplies |13,032. 00 | | |Dres s Shop Supplies |96,158. 77 |151,722. 02 | |TOTAL | |312,533. 2 | The total estimated Total Project Cost for WEDLOCK TRENDS is P312, 533. 52. |Wedlock Trend Dress Shoppe | |Projection Income Statement | |For the 1st year until 5th year | | |2014 |2015 |2016 |2017 |2018 | |Sales (sched. XI) |P1,754,400. 0 |P2,418,600. 00 |P2,891,040. 00 |P3,098,400. 00 |P3,576,000. 00 | |Direct Expense |27,630. 00 | | | | | |Salary (sched. VIII) |318,600. 00 |321,786. 00 |325,003. 86 |328,253. 90 |331,536. 44 | |Operating Expense (sched. XII)|625,077. 85 |643,830. 8 |663,145. 09 |683,039. 44 |703,530. 63 | |Depreciation (sched. I) | |20,806. 00 |20,806. 00 |20,806. 00 |20,806. 00 | |Earnings Before Income Tax |P 783,092. 15 |P1,432,177. 82 |P1,882,085. 05 |P2,066,300. 66 |P2,520,126. 93 | |Tax |274,082. 25 |501,262. 24 |658,729. 7 |723,205. 23 |882,044. 43 | |Net Income |P 509,009. 90 |P927,724. 56 |P1,223,355. 30 |P1,343,095. 43 |P1,638,082. 50 | | | |Assumptions = 3 % Operating Expense per annum | | | |1 % Salary per annum | Wedlock Trend Dress Shoppe | |Projection Cash Flows Statement | |For the 1st year until 5th year | |Cash Receipts |Pre-Operating |2014 |2015 |2016 |2017 |2018 | |Capt. Contribution |P 2,500,000. 00 | | | | | | |Sales (sched. XI) |- |P1,754,400. 0 |P2,418,600. 00 |P2,891,040. 00 |P3,098,400. 00 |P3,576,000. 00 | | | |TOTAL |P2, 500,000. 00 |P1,754,400. 00 |P2,418,600. 00 |P2,891,040. 00 |P3,098,400. 00 |P3,576,000. 00 | |Cash Disbursement | | | | | | | |Capital Expenditure |P 133,181. 0 | | | | | | |Direct Expense |27,630. 00 | | | | | | |Salary (sched. VIII) |- |318,600. 00 |321,786. 00 |325,003. 86 |328,253. 90 |331,536. 44 | |Operating Expense (sched. XII) |- |625,077. 85 |643,830. 8 |663,145. 09 |683,039. 44 |703,530. 63 | |Tax |- | |274,082. 25 |501,262. 24 |658,729. 77 |723,205. 23 | |Profit |- |P 509,009. 90 |P927,724. 56 |P1,223,355. 30 |P1,343,095. 43 |P1,638,082. 50 | |Total |P160,811. 50 |P1,452,687. 75 |P2,167,422. 99 |P2,712,796. 49 |P3,01 3,118. 4 |P3,396,354. 80 | |Net Cash Flow |P2,339,188. 50 |P 301,712. 25 |P 251,177. 01 |P 178,243. 51 |P 85,281. 46 |P 179,645. 20 | |Net Cash Flow Beg. |- |2,339,188. 50 |2,640,900. 75 |2,892,077. 76 |3,070,321. 27 |3,155,602. 73 | |Cash Balance Beg. |P2,339,188. 50 |P2,640,900. 75 |P2,892,077. 76 |P3,070,321. 27 |P3,155,602. 73 |P3,335,247. 93 | Wedlock Trend Dress Shoppe | |Project Balance Sheet | |For the 1st year until 5th year | | |2014 |2015 |2016 |2017 |2018 | |Asset | | | | | | |Cash |P2,640,900. 75 |P2,892,077. 76 |P3,070,321. 27 |P3,155,602. 73 |P3,335,247. 93 | |Furniture and Fixture |45,880. 00 |42,500. 00 |39,120. 00 |35,740. 00 |32,360. 00 | |(sched.I) | | | | | | |Equipment (sched. II) |87,301. 50 |66,684. 48 |49,288. 50 |31,862. 50 |11,436. 50 | |Total Assets |P 2,774,082. 25 |P 3,001,262. 24 |P3,158,729. 77 |P3,223,205. 23 |P3,382,044. 43 | | | |Liabilities & Capital | |Capital |P 2,500,000. 0 |P 2,500,000. 00 |P 2,500,000. 00 |P 2,500,000. 00 |P 2,500,000. 00 | | Taxation |274,082. 25 |501,262. 24 |658,729. 77 |723,205. 23 |882,044. 43 | |TOTAL |P 2,774,082. 25 |P 3,001,262. 24 |P3,158,729. 77 |P3,223,205. 23 |P3,382,044. 43 | Wedlock Trends : 4 partners and Capital Contribution of each is : Partner 1; P 625, 000. 0 Partner 2; P 625, 000. 00 Partner 3; P 625, 000. 00 Partner 4; P 625, 000. 00 Ratio Analysis |Profitability | | | |Average Net Income |P1,128,253. 54 |41. 06% |The profit ratio is 41. 06%, means that for every peso of sales, there is | | | | |a net profit of P. 41. | Average Net Sale |P2,747,688. 00 | | | | | |Average Net Income |P1,128,253. 54 |45. 13% |The ratio is 45. 13%, means that for every peso of sales, there is a net | | | | |profit of P. 45. | |Owners Equity |P 2,500,000. 0 | | | | | |Average Net Profit |P1,128,253. 54 |36. 30% |The contribution of total assets to the net profit is 36. 30% for every | | | | |peso worth of asset it has a profit of P. 36. | |Average Total Asset |P 3,107,864. 8 | | | | | |Liquidity | | | |Average Current Asset |P3,006,830. 09 |494. 65% |The liquidity ratio is 494. 65% or a peso of current liability is | | | | |supported by P 4. 94 or 5 worth of the current assets | |Average Current Liabilities |P 607,864. 8 | | | | | |Pay Back Capital | | | |Parnership Capital |P 2,500,000. 00 |2. 22 |The capital can be recovered within 2 years of appreciation which is | | | | |favorable. | |Average Net Income |P1,128,253. 54 | | | Schedules Schedule I – Furniture and Fixture Furniture and Fixture | |Particular |Quantity |Price |Life |Acquisition Vale |Annual Depreciation | |Sofa Set |1 |P 28,895. 00 |5 |P 28,895. 00 |P 5,779. 00 | |Office Table w/ Chair |1 |7,700. 00 |5 |7,700. 00 |1540. 00 | |Full Length Mirror |1 |2,300. 00 |5 |2,300. 00 |460. 00 | |Full Length Mirror |2 |1,600. 0 |- |3,200. 00 |- | |Plastic Chair/Monobloc |6 |390. 00 |- |2,340. 00 |- | |Jacket Stand |1 |995. 00 |- |995. 00 |- | |Umbrella |1 |450. 00 |- |450. 00 |- | |TOTAL | | | |P45,880. 00 | P 7,779. 00 | Schedule II – Equipment Equipment